Reaction Types, Acids & Redox

40 questions · Answers revealed below each question · Print this set

1.Which acid makes vinegar sharp?
- A. Citric acid
- B. Tartaric acid
- C. Acetic acid
- D. Formic acid
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Acetic acid
Did you know? Vinegar is diluted acetic acid, about 5 percent.
2.Which flame color signals a fuel-rich, sooty burn?
- A. Yellow
- B. Violet
- C. Green
- D. Blue
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Yellow
Did you know? A yellow flame marks incomplete, sooty burning; blue means complete.
3.Which glass electrode instrument measures hydrogen ion concentration?
- A. The barometer
- B. The pH meter
- C. The oscilloscope
- D. The ammeter
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The pH meter
Did you know? The glass-electrode pH meter reads acidity directly.
4.What instrument counts radiation with a gas tube and clicks?
- A. Barometer
- B. Calorimeter
- C. Spectrometer
- D. Geiger counter
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Geiger counter
Did you know? The Geiger counter clicks per ionizing event.
5.What is the approximate pH of lemon juice?
- A. About 14
- B. About 7
- C. About 10
- D. About 2
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About 2
Did you know? Lemon juice sits near pH 2, strongly sour.
6.Which protective coating process guards car bodies by zinc?
- A. Anodization
- B. Galvanization
- C. Vulcanization
- D. Calcination
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Galvanization
Did you know? Galvanizing sacrificially coats steel with rust-prone-but-generous zinc.
7.Using electricity to force a chemical reaction is called what?
- A. Titration
- B. Condensation
- C. Electrolysis
- D. Ionization
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Electrolysis
Did you know? Electrolysis reverses spontaneous reactions, splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen.
8.What term means the amount of solute per amount of solution?
- A. Concentration
- B. Pressure
- C. Mass number
- D. Volume
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Concentration
Did you know? Concentration quantifies how strong a solution is.
9.Which number marks the strongest common alkali on the pH scale?
- A. 14
- B. 10
- C. 1
- D. 7
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14
Did you know? pH 14 is the top of the scale, strongly alkaline.
10.Which flame color shows a properly adjusted gas burner?
- A. Orange
- B. Blue
- C. Red
- D. Yellow
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Blue
Did you know? The blue flame of a good burner shows complete combustion.
11.Which laws of electrolysis did Michael Faraday publish in 1834?
- A. Lenz's laws
- B. Kirchhoff's laws
- C. Faraday's laws of electrolysis
- D. Ohm's laws
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Faraday's laws of electrolysis
Did you know? Faraday tied electricity's quantity to chemistry's output.
12.What process splits a heavy nucleus into two smaller ones?
- A. Nuclear fusion
- B. Nuclear fission
- C. Sublimation
- D. Ionization
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Nuclear fission
Did you know? Fission splits uranium nuclei, freeing energy and neutrons.
13.Which pH best fits black coffee?
- A. About 2, harsh
- B. About 9, alkaline
- C. About 5, mildly acidic
- D. Exactly 7
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About 5, mildly acidic
Did you know? Black coffee sits near pH 5, gentler than soda.
14.Which products result when hydrochloric acid neutralizes sodium hydroxide?
- A. Sodium and chlorine gas
- B. Salt and water
- C. Hydrogen and oxygen
- D. Nothing, it does not react
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Salt and water
Did you know? Acid plus caustic soda yields table salt and nothing but water.
15.What is water's nickname as a solvent, for dissolving so much?
- A. Universal solvent
- B. Perfect solvent
- C. Royal solvent
- D. Golden solvent
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Universal solvent
Did you know? Water is called the universal solvent for its wide reach.
16.On the pH scale, what number marks a neutral solution?
- A. 1
- B. 7
- C. 14
- D. 0
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7
Did you know? pH 7 sits halfway between acidic 0 and alkaline 14.
17.Which side of the fire triangle does water remove when extinguishing?
- A. Oxygen
- B. Heat
- C. Smoke
- D. Fuel
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Heat
Did you know? Water cools burning material below its ignition temperature.
18.What process fuses light nuclei, powering the sun?
- A. Nuclear fission
- B. Nuclear fusion
- C. Combustion
- D. Electrolysis
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Nuclear fusion
Did you know? Fusion joins hydrogen nuclei, the sun's engine.
19.What is the approximate pH of seawater?
- A. About 5, acidic
- B. About 11, harsh
- C. About 8, mildly alkaline
- D. Exactly 7
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About 8, mildly alkaline
Did you know? Seawater buffers near pH 8, thanks to dissolved carbonates.
20.What do we call the reaction type that joins simple substances into one compound?
- A. Synthesis
- B. Decomposition
- C. Titration
- D. Displacement
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Synthesis
Did you know? Synthesis builds one compound from simpler parts, like hydrogen plus oxygen to water.
21.Why does salt spread on icy roads melt the ice?
- A. It lowers water's freezing point
- B. It raises the freezing point
- C. It absorbs the ice
- D. It heats the road
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It lowers water's freezing point
Did you know? Salt water freezes below 0 C, so brine eats into ice.
22.What does litmus turn in a base?
- A. Green
- B. Colorless
- C. Red
- D. Blue
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Blue
Did you know? Litmus paper turns blue in alkaline solution.
23.Which poisonous gas forms when fuel burns with too little oxygen?
- A. Carbon monoxide
- B. Carbon dioxide
- C. Nitrous oxide
- D. Sulfur dioxide
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Carbon monoxide
Did you know? Oxygen-starved burning yields carbon monoxide, the silent killer.
24.Which radiation type penetrates lead best?
- A. Neutron
- B. Alpha
- C. Beta
- D. Gamma
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Gamma
Did you know? Gamma rays are the penetrating heavyweight of nuclear radiation.
25.How many oxygen atoms does one molecule of sulfuric acid, H2SO4, carry?
- A. Three
- B. Two
- C. Four
- D. Six
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Four
Did you know? H2SO4 holds four oxygens around its central sulfur.
26.Does sugar dissolve faster in hot or cold tea?
- A. Cold
- B. Never
- C. Equally
- D. Hot
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Hot
Did you know? Heat speeds sugar's dissolution by energizing molecular collisions.
27.Which acid in sour milk and yogurt is named for milk?
- A. Butyric acid
- B. Lactic acid
- C. Citric acid
- D. Acetic acid
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Lactic acid
Did you know? Lactic acid, from lacte, builds the tang of yogurt.
28.Which three things does the fire triangle require?
- A. Fuel, oxygen, and heat
- B. Heat, pressure, and catalyst
- C. Smoke, ash, and steam
- D. Water, air, and fuel
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Fuel, oxygen, and heat
Did you know? Fuel, oxygen, and heat form the fire triangle; cut one and the fire dies.
29.What is the name for rusting, the slow combination of iron with oxygen and water?
- A. Sublimation
- B. Neutralization
- C. Distillation
- D. Oxidation
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Oxidation
Did you know? Rust is iron's slow oxidation to hydrated iron oxide.
30.What is the solute in seawater's most abundant dissolved salt?
- A. Sodium chloride
- B. Calcium carbonate
- C. Potassium iodide
- D. Magnesium sulfate
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Sodium chloride
Did you know? Table salt dominates seawater's dissolved load.
31.Does a lower pH mean more acid or more alkaline?
- A. More neutral
- B. More alkaline
- C. More acidic
- D. More salty
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More acidic
Did you know? The pH scale runs acid at 0 to alkaline at 14, lower is sourer.
32.Which extinguisher class smothers oil fires by cutting oxygen, since water spreads them?
- A. Foam or CO2 type
- B. Sand only
- C. Any type works
- D. Water jet
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Foam or CO2 type
Did you know? Oil fires need CO2 or foam to smother, never a water jet.
33.What word describes the maximum solute a solution can hold at a temperature?
- A. Viscosity
- B. Density
- C. Saturation
- D. Volatility
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Saturation
Did you know? A saturated solution holds all the solute it can at that temperature.
34.Which mild alkali in baking relieves stomach acid as an antacid?
- A. Sodium bicarbonate
- B. Ammonia
- C. Sodium hydroxide
- D. Borax
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Sodium bicarbonate
Did you know? Baking soda gently neutralizes stomach acid.
35.What are the two products of completely burning a hydrocarbon fuel?
- A. Hydrogen and carbon
- B. Carbon monoxide and soot
- C. Carbon dioxide and water
- D. Oxygen and nitrogen
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Carbon dioxide and water
Did you know? Complete combustion turns hydrocarbons into CO2 and water vapor.
36.Which single reaction type breaks one compound into two or more products?
- A. Decomposition
- B. Combustion
- C. Synthesis
- D. Neutralization
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Decomposition
Did you know? Decomposition splits one reactant into many, as electrolysis splits water.
37.What do we call the substance that dissolves in a solvent?
- A. Solution
- B. Solvent
- C. Suspension
- D. Solute
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Solute
Did you know? The solute dissolves into the solvent to make a solution.
38.Which acid gives lemon juice its sour bite?
- A. Lactic acid
- B. Sulfuric acid
- C. Citric acid
- D. Acetic acid
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Citric acid
Did you know? Citric acid is the signature sour of citrus fruits.
39.What gas forms when an acid meets a carbonate like limestone?
- A. Ammonia
- B. Hydrogen
- C. Oxygen
- D. Carbon dioxide
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Carbon dioxide
Did you know? Acids fizz on limestone, releasing carbon dioxide from the carbonate.
40.Which reaction type trades electrons, changing oxidation numbers?
- A. Redox
- B. Isomerization
- C. Precipitation
- D. Neutralization
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Redox
Did you know? Redox reactions move electrons from the reducing agent to the oxidizing one.

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